Semnan University Press Mechanics of Advanced Composite Structures 2423-4826 14 1 2027 04 01 Numerical Estimation of the Effective Mechanical Properties (EMP) of Steel AISI 4340 Fiber-Reinforced Concrete 151 163 10734 10.22075/macs.2026.35232.1725 EN Nasserdine Oudni Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria 0009-0008-4691-0524 Mohamed Said Boutaani Common Core of Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Batna 2, 05000 Batna, Algeria 0000-0003-2003-2432 Youcef Bouafia Department of Civil Engineering, Mouloud Mammeri University, 15000, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria 0000-0002-4222-2176 Ahmed Laichaoui Laboratory of Construction Engineering and Architecture, University of Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria 0009-0008-5123-8816 Journal Article 2024 10 18 This study aims to estimate the effective mechanical properties (EMP) of a composite material consisting of two phases: a concrete matrix and randomly distributed cylindrical fiber reinforcements. To determine the composite's effective mechanical properties, several key parameters are considered, including the fiber volume fraction, fiber geometry (expressed as the length-to-diameter ratio), and the void volume fraction. The voids are modeled as spherical inclusions, randomly dispersed within the matrix phase only, with strict non-intersection constraints, ensuring they do not overlap or touch the fibers. This configuration reflects realistic entrapped air porosity while preserving the integrity of the fiber-matrix interface. The effective elastic properties are estimated using a numerical homogenization procedure based on the finite element method (FEM) and the representative volume element (RVE) concept. Periodic boundary conditions (PBC) are applied to ensure representativeness, and a progressive mesh refinement strategy is employed, with a finer mesh around the inclusions, to balance accuracy and computational efficiency. The 3D fiber distributions are generated using a custom Python 3.9 script that enforces non-overlapping conditions between fibers, thereby preventing interpenetration during RVE construction. https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_10734_451ee190d0efc1f77c8bcc7238979ac1.pdf