Semnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482614220271101Optimization of Laser Surface Treatment Parameters on Shear Strength of Al/CFRP Adhesively Bonded Lap Joint2832961051510.22075/macs.2026.38131.1882ENMojtabaSamarghandiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, IranSaeedRahnamaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, IranMojtabaSheikhi AzqandiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran0000-0002-7165-0591Journal Article20250620Surface treatment preparation plays a key role in the strength of adhesive joints, particularly in single-lap joints. The most optimal surface conditions must be reached to achieve a strong joint. This research aims to achieve the maximum shear strength of single-lap Al/composite joints using the laser surface treatment. Four different parameters are considered, namely power, speed, the energy density of the laser on both adherends, and the laser hatch distance (HD). To predict the strength of the connection, the Design of Experiments method has been used. Several single-lap specimens with different surface parameters were created and analyzed experimentally. The results show that the hatch distance had the greatest effect on the shear strength of the specimens, followed by the mutual impact of the Al laser surface treatment power on the HD, the mutual effect of the speed of laser in Al surface treatment on the HD, and the laser power in Al surface treatment and the speed of Al laser surface treatment had the greatest effect on strength. Additionally, it was found that there is no direct or inverse relationship between the speed and laser power parameters. The optimal design obtained has a laser surface treatment speed of 1000 mm/s and 1200 mm/s, and laser power of 18 and 9 watts for Al and composite, respectively, and 50 micrometers for HD. The obtained optimal specimen has an average shear strength and failure force of 8.6 MPa and 6.676 kN, respectively, which shows about 102% improvement compared to the sandpaper method.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_10515_11e48f522f94aca7b5a3fdc316b2d737.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482614220271101Analysis & Optimization of Wire-EDM Parameters for Dimensional Stability of AZ91 Based Al2O3p/SiCp Hybrid Composite2973101051610.22075/macs.2026.38177.1884ENDheerajKumarResearch Scholar, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Technology, SRMU Lucknow, U.P., IndiaRajesh KumarPorwalProfessor, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Technology, SRMU, Lucknow, U.P., IndiaJournal Article20250701The present work focuses on the primary objectives to analyse the dimensional stability of machined samples through kerf width and taper angle. Further to optimize the process parameters to obtain optimum results. The RSM-BBD approach has been used to design the experiments. Mg-based metal matrix hybrid composite samples were prepared using the stir casting process. Prepared samples are machined on a CNC wire-cut EDM. Matrix of Mg alloy AZ91 (94%) and reinforcement of SiC (4%) and Al2O3 (2%) powder is selected. Machined samples are observed for kerf width and taper angle calculations, followed by the optimization of process parameters to obtain optimum kerf width and taper angle. An optical microscope is used to measure the kerf width with 10x magnification. Top kerf width (Tkw), bottom kerf width (Bkw), and taper angle have been calculated, and a parametric plot is shown. Results obtained show that pulse on time and current is most significant factors in obtaining the optimum values of output responses. Optimum values of top kerf width and bottom kerf width are obtained at Ton = 18µs, Toff = 5µs, I = 3A & WS = 10.4m/s, and Ton = 18µs, Toff = 9µs, I = 3A & WS = 3.12m/s, respectively. Optimum value of taper angle is obtained at Ton = 30µs, Toff = 7µs, I = 3A & WS = 10.4m/s.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_10516_8208dd730fb0a5670e2817252c6de728.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482614220271101Structural Evaluation of a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Composite Blade Using a Monitored Testing Bench3113301058010.22075/macs.2026.38742.1910ENOmarRajadMultidisciplinary Laboratory of Exact and Applied Sciences, Superior school of Technology, Fkih Ben Saleh, MoroccoEMISys Research Team, E3S Research Center, Mohammadia School of Engineers, Mohammed V University in Rabat, MoroccoMultidisciplinary Research Laboratory in Physics (M.R.L.P), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, 23000, MoroccoYoussefIdihyaEMISys Research Team, E3S Research Center, Mohammadia School of Engineers, Mohammed V University in Rabat, MoroccoHamidMounirEMISys Research Team, E3S Research Center, Mohammadia School of Engineers, Mohammed V University in Rabat, MoroccoMohamedRichMultidisciplinary Research Laboratory in Physics (M.R.L.P), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, 23000, MoroccoIkramOutlaAlkhalil Center, Private laboratory of Engineering Energy, Beni Mellal, MoroccoJournal Article20250820Accurate prediction of blade fatigue behavior remains a critical challenge in wind energy applications. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the mechanical performance of a segmented 3D-printed composite prototype blade. To assess its stiffness characteristics, the blade was subjected to systematically applied load levels in the flapwise direction. The experimental campaign enabled detailed characterization of the blade’s stiffness and the initiation and evolution of damage as a function of applied loading and the number of fatigue cycles. A statistical analysis was performed to quantify the uncertainty and repeatability of the measured results. A specialized test bench was designed and constructed to accommodate fatigue testing of blades measuring 712 mm in length. The blade was subjected to controlled cyclic loading while its mechanical response was continuously monitored using a high-resolution imaging system. The collected data revealed a significant increase in total deformation energy of 77.5%, particularly near the root (point 1), and a corresponding decrease in stiffness of 77% after cyclic loading in the flapwise direction. These results provide critical insights into the blade’s structural health and dynamic response during service and have informed improvements in the manufacturing process to ensure that the final products meet stringent reliability and safety standards under severe operating conditions. The study was further evaluated by testing two blades with identical geometry and material properties, demonstrating that the derived results were accurate within an error margin not exceeding 10%.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_10580_0bd4cddb7692ab6e39732c404f093a2a.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482614220271101Reinforced Concrete Two-Way Slabs Exposed to Impulse Loadings3313421051910.22075/macs.2026.39241.1927ENOla MazenMakkiDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, IraqJournal Article20251001Concrete two-way slabs could be subjected to impulse load due to accidents, which force the structural member to undergo strain hardening faster than its ability to dampen and absorb much of the applied energy, which has not been previously investigated in the literature. Theoretical and numerical models were developed and validated against experimental results to explore this behavior. A reinforced concrete square slab of 1 m length and 0.08m thickness was simulated with several case studies investigated, such as the impulse load intensity, concrete compressive strength magnitude, the model's free vibration, and the model solution. It was concluded that the slab's response under impulse load depends, to the first degree, on the impulse quantity. If this sudden load equals two-thirds of the static load, the model starts to show visible cracks. Furthermore, the maximum displacement does not necessarily occur at the instant of loading; unlike static conditions, the designer can expect the higher deflection several seconds after the applied load is applied.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_10519_b27b449fd22d309d80ace80b9960f7d0.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482614220271101Theoretical Models for Composite Beams, Plates, Sandwich and FGM: a Review of ESL, Layerwise and CUF Approaches3433681057910.22075/macs.2026.39547.1949ENMohamedGhenimiLaboratoire génie mécanique FST, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fès, 30000, MarocYoussefBenbourasLaboratoire mécanique, mécatronique et commande (L2MC), ENSAM, Moulay Ismail University Meknès, 50000, MarocKhalidJanati IdrissiLaboratoire génie mécanique FST, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fès, 30000, MarocBenaissaEl FahimeLaboratoire mécanique, mécatronique et commande (L2MC), ENSAM, Moulay Ismail University Meknès, 50000, MarocJournal Article20251103This literature review analyses the latest modelling frameworks for composite structures and functionally gradient materials, emphasizing Equivalent Single-Layer (ESL) theories, layer-by-layer formulations (layerwise) and the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF) as well as their applications to beams, plates, sandwich structures, and materials with functional gradients (FGM). Our aim is to clarify the modelling trade-offs that determine the theory choice based on the structure's thickness, heterogeneity through thickness, and complexity of multilayer stacks. ESL approaches, ranging from classical theory to first- and higher-order shear models, are distinguished by their low computational cost and ability to conduct large-scale analyses, but often require enriched kinematics or specific corrections to ensure sufficient accuracy in the case of thick structures, marked gradients, or interlaminar effects. Layerwise models, which include discrete and mixed formulations, offer a more precise description of fields across thickness and interfaces, but come with an increased number of degrees of freedom enabling them to analyse sandwich and FGM structures that are susceptible to delamination. The CUF is analysed as a unifying framework that allows for systematic priority of kinematics and controlled adjustment of the trade-off between accuracy and cost, with a goal of convergence towards predictions close to three-dimensional elasticity. Based on the identified works, a comparative synthesis is proposed in terms of accuracy, numerical robustness, and computational cost for the analysis of flexure, vibration, and buckling, as well as for some nonlinear and multiphysical extensions.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_10579_24bea84d52e6a1f8025e313c2ffff50a.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482614220271101Reduction of Biaxial Bending and Torsion in Ionic Polymer-Metal Actuators through Symmetric Voltage Distribution and Improved Boundary Conditions3693821051810.22075/macs.2026.38454.1894ENRezaPoureiniDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran0009-0009-5287-8070HamidSoleimanimehrDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, IranModern Automotive Research Center, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran0000-0001-8931-5698NavidVilianiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Ab.C., Islamic Azad University, Abhar, 4561934367, IranAliAbdollahiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, IranJournal Article20250726In this paper, a combined analytical and numerical framework is presented to reduce or eliminate biaxial bending and torsion in ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) actuators. The problem is formulated based on the coupled Nernst–Planck–Poisson model for ion transport and electric field distribution, together with the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory for mechanical response. The main innovation of this study is the integrated design of a two-dimensional symmetric electric field distribution V(x,y) and modified electrochemical–mechanical boundary conditions that simultaneously suppress transverse and torsional gradients. In addition, field- and time-dependent mechanical moduli E and G are introduced to represent viscoelastic effects and electro-mechanical softening more realistically. This comprehensive coupling allows the model to maintain both mathematical and physical symmetry, leading to a uniform ion distribution and balanced bending–torsion response—an advancement beyond previous electro-chemo-mechanical models that considered symmetry only partially or in a single direction. Numerical results, using realistic dimensions and a 5 V applied voltage, show that the proposed symmetric field design can reduce transverse bending by up to 87.5% and torsional strain energy by up to 88%. These findings demonstrate that optimized electric field design, appropriate boundary conditions, and field-dependent viscoelastic modeling can substantially enhance IPMC actuator performance and minimize undesired biaxial deformation.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_10518_2d86c49db27011beb778b65b84d15017.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482614220271101Influence of Plate Thickness and Mineral Admixtures on Flexural Behaviour of RC Slab – An Experimental Investigation3833961051410.22075/macs.2026.38125.1881ENReenaKotreshDepartment of Studies in Civil Engineering, UBDT College of Engineering, Davanagere-577004, Karnataka, India0009-0007-8371-7574ErammaHanumanthappaDepartment of Studies in Civil Engineering, UBDT College of Engineering, Davanagere-577004, Karnataka, India0000-0002-6075-8732Journal Article20250618This study is focused on evaluating the behaviour of use of alternatives for cement, namely, Ground-Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and Nano Silica (NS), on the mechanical, microstructure, and structural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs. Concrete was made with various dosages of GGBS from 0% to 50% at a rate of 5% and NS dosage from 0.1% to 1% at an interval of 0.1%. Compressive and tensile strength of concrete was evaluated along with microstructural characteristics using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The optimum dosages were found to be 10% GGBS and 0.3% NS by cement weight. This optimum dosage was used in making RC slabs with dimensions 1200 x 1200 x 100 mm, varying the slab thickness. To determine the stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the slabs, two-point loading was applied. Use of GGBS and NS results in high-density and high-strength concrete. Such research works highlight the prospective use of GGBS and NS in sustainable construction, encouraging cost-effective, eco-friendly practices with innovations in concrete technology.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_10514_206bb45f944accb7a4cd1f135786c415.pdf