Semnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Experimental Investigation of Residual Stress Measurement on Cold Roll Bonded Al/Cu Composite by Incremental Hole-Drilling Method111965710.22075/macs.2025.34303.1682ENAmirmasoodRahimijonoushFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, 8731753153, Kashan, IranMohammadHonarpishehFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, 8731753153, Kashan, IranAmirAbdollahiFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, 8731753153, Kashan, IranMehdiMohammadimehrFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, 8731753153, Kashan, IranJournal Article20240531Hole drilling is a semi-destructive procedure used to measure residual stress. This type of stress, caused by mechanical and thermal effects, can significantly impact the lifetime of composite specimens. This paper studies the residual stress measurement on aluminum-copper composite specimens. The experimental procedure involved creating five different composite specimens using a rolling machine, and then using ABAQUS software in FEA analysis to calculate the calibration coefficients. The American standard ASTM E837 was used to determine the residual stress measurement. The specimens are manufactured through the Cold Roll Bonding (CRB) process with a rolling machine. The incremental hole-drilling strain gauge method was used, with the MTS-3000 Restan machine, to measure the residual stresses. The aluminum-copper composite specimens were manufactured in different sequences. The results showed that the ultimate tensile strength of aluminum mono-layer was lower than all composite specimens. On the other hand, the ultimate tensile strength of the copper mono-layer was higher than all samples, except rolled Cu-Cu one. Furthermore, a comparison between two-layer and three-layer composite specimens showed that the two-layer specimen stored more residual stress. In general, copper metal has stored more residual stress than aluminum metal.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9657_857f2af68208140cfa6046ba870be058.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Performance Evaluation of Epoxy-Based Natural Composites Reinforced with Flax and Flax-Ramie Fiber1322966010.22075/macs.2025.35217.1723ENNidhiBangalore ChandrashekarDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, 560059, IndiaRamesh SuryanarayanaSharmaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, 560059, IndiaJournal Article20240904Growing environmental concerns and regulatory pressure have necessitated the requirement for natural fiber-based composites for various applications. . This paper focuses on the performance evaluation of epoxy reinforced with Flax and flax-ramie fiber hybrid composites. The laminates were developed through the hand layup technique with Flax and Ramie fibers using epoxy resin. The prepared samples were further analyzed under various dynamic and static conditions, including Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis, impact testing, water absorption testing, and density measurement. The flax-ramie hybrid composite shows dynamic and static properties, including better vibration control, impact resistance, and lower moisture absorption, compared to the flax fiber composite. With a density of 1.17 g/cm³, the absorbs more energy (10.47 J) and withstands higher impact forces (2.08 N). These characteristics make the hybrid composite more suitable for impact-prone and water-sensitive applications.
https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9660_e8054dd75bfbaddf273dc35d58aeedef.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Mechanical Testing of Novel and Conventional Geopolymer Brick Dried under Passive Solar Dryer with Ferric Chloride Dihydrate as Phase Change Material2335979810.22075/macs.2025.34977.1712ENAshok Kumar JeevanJeevanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam University, Krishnan Koil, Virudhunagar District, 626126, IndiaMuthuvelSattanathanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam University, Krishnan Koil, Virudhunagar District, 626126, IndiaSudhakara PandianRanjitharamasamyVellore Institute of Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore, 632014, IndiaGopinathGovindan RadhakrishnanM. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, IndiaRajesh KannaGovindhan RadhakrishnanHigh Energy Batteries (India) Limited, Pudukottai, 622515, IndiaRajendra PrasadAraniSri Sai Ram Engineering College, West Tambaram, Chennai, 600044, IndiaJournal Article20240810Conventionally, in Geopolymer bricks (GPB), fly ash from power plants and ground granulated blast furnace slag are converted into bricks by chemical treatment. In this work, a novel GPB has been obtained by adding nano silica and rice husk ash to the conventional ingredients of GPB, along with Ferric Chloride Dihydrate, which is used as a phase change material to accelerate the curing time by utilizing its latent heat stored in the form of phase change. This novelty aims at introducing solar dryers with phase change materials in the areas of curing GPB, which have shown competent properties when compared to conventional bricks in the construction sector. It has been experimentally found that the solar drying method with Ferric Chloride Dihydrate (22 hours) utilizes a shorter curing time when compared to an electrical oven (24 hours) and open sun drying (24 hours). The properties of novel GPBs are evaluated by mechanical testing and compared with conventional GPBs. It has been experimentally observed that novel GPB exhibits higher compressive strength of 45 MPa, tensile strength of 4.5 MPa, and flexural strength of 6.5 MPa when compared to compressive strength of 41.5 MPa, tensile strength of 3.35 MPa, and flexural strength of 6.2 MPa as that of conventional GPB. Also in this study, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of the damaged surfaces and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of novel GPB obtained from test results have been furnished. Smart quantitative results from EDX analysis show that the Oxygen Potassium content has the highest weight percentage and atomic percentage.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9798_091d5a7d85872b96697164769e6e6989.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Study on Thermal, Mechanical and Dynamic Properties of Epoxy Matrix with Hybrid of Nanoclay/Carbon Nanotube3756959810.22075/macs.2025.34769.1698ENShadiAfshinMechanical Engineering Department, Razi University, Kermanshah, 6714414971, IranMohammad HosseinYasMechanical Engineering Department, Razi University, Kermanshah, 6714414971, IranJournal Article20240716Hybrid polymer nanocomposites (HPNCs) represent a promising class of materials for various engineering applications. This study investigates the impact of combining nano clay (NC) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy matrices. Mechanical and thermal properties of HPNCs were characterized using TGA, DMTA, TMA, and SEM, and tested for flexural, tensile, shear, hot plate, and modal analyses. The obtained results were compared with similar theoretical ones from the Halpin-Tsai method. Results indicate that incorporating up to 5 wt % of NC alongside epoxy/CNT nanocomposites enhances CNT dispersion, leading to improvements in degradation temperature (+1%), glass transition temperature (+10%), thermal stability (50% increase in residual ash), storage modulus in the plastic range (+39%), transverse bond density (+41%), thermal expansion coefficient (-17%), flexural strength (+17%), elastic modulus (+85%), shear modulus (+11%), and natural frequency of the beam (+42%).https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9598_57b570b1bd14268e718bbb83056782ec.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Elaboration and Characterization of Waste Inked Paper-Poly (Vinyl Chloride) Composites: Effect of Paper Deinking5768966610.22075/macs.2025.35931.1761ENSamiraSahiUniversity of Bejaia, Faculty of Technology, Advanced Polymer Materials Laboratory, 06000, Bejaia, AlgeriaJournal Article20241114The waste paper poses environmental problems because it is a wood-based resource. Recovering it as fiber for the preparation of low-cost and environmentally-friendly composite materials offers significant environmental benefits, including reducing deforestation and the preservation of fossil resources. Our study presents an innovative approach by using waste inked and deinked paper as a reinforcement in thermoplastic polymer. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-based composites reinforced with waste inked paper (WIP) and waste de-inked paper (WDIP) fibers with loading rates ranging from 10% to 30% (Wt.%) were prepared. The effect of paper deinking processes on the mechanical, morphological, and physicochemical properties of the resulting composites was studied. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed the de-inking of paper after alkali-treatment. This result was confirmed by morphological analysis using optical spectroscopy. The results for the PVC/WIP and PVC/WDIP composites showed an improvement in the mechanical properties after the de-inking of the paper fiber. The tensile strength and the Young's modulus were increased by 16.90% and 37.80%, respectively, when 30% (Wt.%) of WDIP was added to PVC compared to WIP fiber. These results were confirmed by the optical spectroscopy (OS) analysis, where a better surface was observed in the PVC/WDIP composites. The water uptake test showed that the introduction of WDIP in PVC reduced water absorption by 18.38% compared with WIP fiber at a load charge of 30% (Wt.%). However, an increase in density was recorded. These results demonstrate that the incorporation of WDIP into PVC is not only feasible but also beneficial to environmental sustainability and economic growth.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9666_41824cdf1b0d517e753b69f6d9af1a02.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Modeling and Experimental Validation of Carbon Fiber-Kevlar Honeycomb Core Sandwich Structure6982979610.22075/macs.2025.36296.1782ENAnilKumarG. B. Pant DSEU Okhla-I Campus, New Delhi,110020, IndiaSapnaRaghavG. B. Pant DSEU Okhla-I Campus, New Delhi,110020, IndiaJayant PandurangSupaleG. B. Pant DSEU Okhla-I Campus, New Delhi,110020, IndiaGajanan ShravanDatarGovernment College of Engineering and Research, Avasari, Pune- 412406, IndiaJournal Article20241218Composite sandwich structures are becoming more and more popular in the sports, automotive, and aerospace sectors because of their excellent strength-to-weight ratio. However, more research is required to fully understand their stiffness properties and the accuracy of predictive modeling. By simulating and examining two different sandwich structures made of Carbon fiber face sheets and Kevlar honeycomb core material represented as an equivalent solid, this study fills this gap. The Gibson and Ashby model has been adopted to find the equivalent orthotropic properties of the core because this model provides a balance between precision, computational efficiency, and suitability for honeycomb cores, guaranteeing accurate stiffness predictions and facilitating simple engineering design implementation. Experimental stiffness values of 529.74 N/mm and 479.98 N/mm for the two configurations are obtained by performing a “Three Point Bend Test” on the manufactured panels. With an accuracy deviation of about 0.84%, the numerical model predictions closely resemble the experimental findings, demonstrating the model’s dependability in representing the material’s static behavior. The sandwich structure demonstrates a stiffness of about 565 N/mm, suitable for high-load applications in aerospace and automotive sectors. Numerical modeling effectively validates the experimental results by accurately predicting the stiffness of Kevlar honeycomb core sandwich panels.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9796_21508b1d1867fce78a4bf07d275d34f3.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Microstructure Study and Optimization of Hardness and Tensile Strength of AW2024/B4Cp Reinforced Composites Through Linear Regression8396966710.22075/macs.2025.36248.1781ENBharathLakshminarayanaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Cambridge Institute of Technology, K R Puram, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University (V.T.U), Belagavi, Karnataka, 590 018, IndiaJayappaKumaraswamyDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, R L Jalappa Institute of Technology, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University (V.T.U), Belagavi, Karnataka, 590 018, IndiaJournal Article20241214The current research is focused on the production of AW2024/B<sub>4</sub>C metal reinforced composite by using the liquid stir casting method. Ceramic particles armored composites are mainly used in engineering applications, which include aircraft, automotive, and marine fields. AW2024/B<sub>4</sub>C composites are produced by changing wt.% of B<sub>4</sub>C<sub>p</sub> as 1.00%, 3.00% and 5.00%. The produced AW2024/B<sub>4</sub>C composites are machined as per ASTM E8-16a, IS1500, and IS7739 standard test size and subjected to artificial ageing. The hardness and tensile strength of AW2024/B<sub>4</sub>C composites were measured through a Brinell hardness tester and a universal testing machine, respectively. The microstructure of the prepared composite material was examined to determine the uniform distribution of reinforcement material. The highest hardness and tensile strength of AW2024/B<sub>4</sub>C composites were measured and found to be 84.97 BHN and 273.82 N/mm<sup>2 </sup>for AW2024/5%B<sub>4</sub>C with 5 hrs. ageing duration. The results achieved reveal that both hardness as well as tensile strength increased by increasing the weight percentage of B<sub>4</sub>C content. L<sub>9</sub> standard orthogonal display was espoused to investigate the best parameter and also to authenticate the experimental test results. Further, a fracture study was done through SEM images to determine the mode of fracture.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9667_12c6a6d59730a0ae4d04c211a7893716.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Effect of Nickel Addition on the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion and Microstructural Characteristics of AA2024 and AA7175 Aluminum Alloys in As-Cast and Homogenized States97116924210.22075/macs.2025.35302.1727ENPagadaddinniRajendraDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Research Scholar, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, 560054, IndiaSundarrajuMohanraju RajuResearch Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, 560054, IndiaChannegowdana Doddy MadegowdaRameshaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Research Scholar, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, 560054, India0000-0002-5260-0513RajarathnamChandrashekarResearch Consultant or Mentor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sambhram Institute of Technology, Bangalore, 560097, IndiaNagaralMadevaManager (Design) Aircraft Research and Design Centre Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Bangalore, 560037, IndiaJournal Article20240912Aluminum alloys are widely used in aerospace structures, necessitating continuous improvement in their mechanical properties. Micro alloying with nickel can enhance these properties and improve the coefficient of thermal expansion. This study investigates the influence of nickel on the microstructural and thermal expansion characteristics of AA2024 and AA7175 aluminum alloys, both commonly used in aerospace. AA2024 primarily contains copper, while AA7175 has zinc; both are heat-treatable and possess excellent strength. In this research, alloys were stir-cast with varying percentages of nickel and 0.2% strontium, which improves grain structure. The alloys were homogenized at 480°C for 15 hours, quenched in water, and subjected to tensile testing, EDS, XRD, and microstructural and thermal expansion analyses. Results showed that nickel addition increased strength to 215 MPa for AA2024 and 284 MPa for AA7175 with 5% nickel. XRD and EDS revealed the formation of intermetallic compounds like Al<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>3</sub>, Al<sub>3</sub>Ni, and Al<sub>3</sub>NiCu. However, increasing nickel beyond 5% led to undesirable needle-like structures. Thermal expansion studies indicated a reduction in the coefficient of linear thermal expansion by 14.1% for AA2024 and 16.5% for AA7175 with 2% nickel, reducing thermal stress under loading up to 350°C.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9242_dadbb564426a503102ccaf9de0442626.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Large Deflection Analysis of Graphene Sheets in the Thermal Environment Using Higher-Order Nonlocal Strain Gradient Principle117128942910.22075/macs.2025.32881.1603ENMostafaSadeghianDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranMahmoudShariatiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20240103This paper investigates the large deflection of a sector nanoplate on the Winkler elastic foundation in the thermal environment based on the nonlocal strain gradient principle. By taking into account von Karman’s nonlinear strains and applying the higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT), the governing equations of the graphene plate are derived. By presenting acceptable accuracy without the need for a shear correction coefficient, HSDT eliminates the defects of the first shear deformation theory (FSDT) and provides an appropriate distribution for shear stress along the thickness. The equations have been solved using the differential quadrature method (DQM) and the extended Kantorovich method (EKM). The results of the present study are compared with the available references, which demonstrate good agreement among them. For example, the results of the present study for the radius ratios of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 have 0.35%, 2.83%, and 7% differences with Ref.<strong> </strong>[1]. In conclusion, this study examines the impact of various small-scale parameters, load, boundary conditions, geometric dimensions, and elastic foundation on the maximum nondimensional deflection in the thermal environment.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9429_da2a932c0f4f1be0dd2ac4f49c57300d.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Statistical Analysis of Delamination Effect on Natural Frequency of Composite Laminated Plate129142959610.22075/macs.2025.36174.1776ENHosseinTaghavianDepartment of Solid Mechanic, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan 87317-51167, IranAhmad RezaGhasemiDepartment of Solid Mechanic, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan 87317-51167, IranJournal Article20241207This study examines the free vibration behavior of composite laminated plates featuring various delaminated regions and stacking sequences. Utilizing the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) in combination with the finite element method, the natural frequencies of these plates are analyzed. Specifically, the investigation considers laminated plates with different numbers, sizes, and geometric arrangements of delaminated regions across several stacking sequences. The numerical results reveal notable trends in how natural frequencies vary and how delamination size affects them, highlighting a strong dependence on the stacking sequence of the layers. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that the impact of multiple delaminated regions on the natural frequencies is less significant than the cumulative effect of these delaminations concentrated in a single location, with this discrepancy influenced by the frequency order and stacking configurations.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9596_30b03e9d05a4a9adab721afc7d0fa988.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Experimental Analysis of the Effect of Mechanical Topology on the Surface of Biological Microgripper Made of Ionic-Polymer Metal Composite Smart Material143156919910.22075/macs.2024.33962.1670ENHamidSoleimanimehrDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranModern Automotive Research Center, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranShadanBafandeh HaghighiDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranModern Automotive Research Center, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranAminNasrollahDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IranJournal Article20240429This paper aims to discuss the electromechanical behavior of an ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) with electrodes made of platinum and polymeric membrane made of Nafion-117 in the structure of a gripper. Two methods are used in this research; the experimental method and the finite element method. After producing an IPMC with the mentioned properties and setting the gripper structure, the generated blocking force was measured and its ability to lift and move two external specimens made of aluminum and fish egg with a radius of m was evaluated. The Same analysis was done by the finite element method. The magnitude of the distributed load is approximately equal to . The surface area of the sample is equal to . After conducting the statistical calculations, the concentrated force on the tip of the beam is and the results of the two methods are consistent with each other with an error of . When a concentrated force is applied to the spherical sample, both pure aluminum and fish egg materials experience an identical maximum stress of . The maximum displacement for the aluminum sample is , and for the fish egg sample, it is . It has been concluded that this gripper is able to lift and move the mentioned samples and IPMC is a biocompatible material since it is compatible with the bio-sample (fish egg) considered in this research.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9199_cddc4d584be6e81ebbc2f0551f06acad.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Biodegradation, Mechanical and Physical Properties of Poly(butylene succinate) and Natural Rubber Compound Blend Filled with Activated Carbon from Coconut Fruit157169994010.22075/macs.2025.34363.1684ENNuan La-ongSrakaewDepartment of Materials and Medical Technology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, ThailandIng-ornSittitanadolDepartment of Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Khon Kaen Campus, Khon Kaen, 40000, ThailandPatcharaponSomdeeDepartment of Materials and Medical Technology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, ThailandSombutNoymingDepartment of Materials and Medical Technology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, ThailandWitawatSingsangDepartment of Aircraft Part Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University, Chanthaburi, 22000, ThailandPraneeChumsamrongSchool of Polymer Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, ThailandNatkritaPrasoetsophaDepartment of Materials and Medical Technology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, ThailandJournal Article20240607Activated carbon (AC) was synthesized from coconut fruit and used as a bio-filler in poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and natural rubber compound (NRC) composites. The activation process used a potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution, followed by microwave irradiation. Two KOH concentrations (1 M and 3 M) were used, and the obtained AC was labeled AC 1 M KOH and AC 3 M KOH. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of AC type and content (0-6 phr) on the mechanical, physical, and biodegradation properties of PBS/NRC/AC composites. The results showed that AC contained 73-74 % carbon content. The AC 3 M KOH exhibited a higher surface area. The mechanical properties of PBS/NRC/AC composites, including flexural strength, impact strength, tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation at fracture, tended to decrease with increasing amounts of AC. However, adding AC 3 M KOH had a more positive effect on these properties compared to AC 1 M KOH. The crystalline structure of PBS was not affected, while the melt flow index (MFI) of the composite tended to decrease with the addition of AC. The composite with 6 phr of AC 3 M KOH showed 22.4% CO₂ absorption, 35% degradation after 6 months, and 0.84% water absorption, all of which were higher than those observed for 6 phr of AC 1 M KOH. The surface morphology of PBS/NRC/AC composites had a rough appearance, with rubber particles and AC dispersed within the PBS matrix. The surface roughness intensified with increasing AC content.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9940_f606b6783e5451cb99b916d082f6e35c.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Influence of Process Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fibre Reinforced PETG171184983510.22075/macs.2025.36494.1791ENPrabhakaranRamachandranDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Ramco Institute of Technology, Rajapalayam, 626 117, Tamil Nadu, IndiaPitchipooPandianDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, P.S.R. Engineering College, Sivakasi, 626140, Tamilnadu, IndiaVenkateshRamamoorthiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Ramco Institute of Technology, Rajapalayam, 626 117, Tamil Nadu, IndiaJerold John BrittoJohnDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Ramco Institute of Technology, Rajapalayam, 626 117, Tamil Nadu, IndiaJournal Article20250108The research analyses the impact of different compositions of carbon fibre on mechanical and thermal attributes of Fused Filament Fabricated (FFF) Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) composites. Three different types of carbon fibre composite (10%, 20%, and 30% content) were manufactured for analysis against pure PETG material. The tests analysed the mechanical performance through compressive strength analysis, along with flexural strength measurements and measurements of hardness. The characterizing tests included Vicat Softening Temperature alongside Heat Deflection Temperature assessment. The research used ASTM standard testing methods to validate experimental measurements through finite element simulations using ANSYS Workbench ACP®. Integration of carbon fibre components improved the total mechanical behaviour of the PETG material. PETG without fibre demonstrated 53 MPa compressive strength, while 30% CF-PETG achieved 58 MPa compressive strength. The flexural strength measurements mirrored those changes, starting from 54 MPa and reaching 80 MPa across the same compositions. The Shore Hardness measurement (D) experienced an elevation as the carbon fibre concentration in materials grew from 71 to 77. Vicat Softening Temperature and Heat Deflection Temperature values improved alongside carbon fibre content increases. The experimental results matched closely with simulation outputs from the analysis, thus validating its accuracy. Research data shows that PETG materials improve their mechanical and thermal qualities when carbon fibre is incorporated, thereby creating promising prospects for specific applications needing advanced performance levels.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9835_8bb73ad27250863c02003c1ab6a23681.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Investigation of Mechanical Properties for Blend Epoxy-Polysulfide Reinforced with Woven Carbon and Glass Fiber185195965810.22075/macs.2025.34964.1711ENWaleed HamedHamzaMechanical Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, IraqOrhan SabahAbdullahMechanical Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, IraqIbtihal AbdulrazakMahmoodMechanical Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20240806In this work, the effect of the axial buckling load characteristics of a composite material consisting of epoxy resin (EP) and different weight percentages of polysulfide (PS) (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) prepared and reinforced with woven carbon and glass fibers was studied. Buckling and tensile specimens were manufactured using hand lay-up techniques according to ASTM D6641, ASTM D638, and ASTM 3039 standards. Using eight layers of fibers in three stacking sequences S1(Carbon-Carbon-Glass-Glass)x2, S2(Carbon-Glass-Carbon-Glass)x2, and S3(Carbon-Glass-Glass-Carbon)x2 and different orientation angles (0, 30, 60, and 90°), testing was performed on critical buckling load specimens by applying an axial compressive force using a testing machine. Increasing the amount of polysulfide in blends made them more flexible, but it also made the critical buckling load, tensile stress, and modulus of elasticity properties decrease compared to the pure epoxy. It was also observed that the hybrid composite material made of (EP+6% PS) reinforced with fiber improved the critical buckling load and tensile stress by (186.6%, 141%, and 219%) and (760, 698%, and 875%) when the fibers layers arranged according to (S1, S2, and S3) models, correspondingly. The experimental results obtained manifested that the best value of the critical buckling load and tensile stress at stacking sequence (CGGC)x2 was when the carbon fibers were in the direction (0–90°) and when the axial force of tension and compression was in the direction of the fibers.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9658_2016ee080c455bdd3fcf1c67603f77e3.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Reinforcement Surface Modification Effect on the Microstructure, Mechanical, and Tensile Fractography of Al2219 Alloy B4C Composites197210995110.22075/macs.2025.34881.1705ENSubhashchandraGanigerDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, B.L.D.E.A’s Dr. P. G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, IndiaMahadevSakriDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, B.L.D.E.A’s Dr. P. G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology, Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, IndiaNaveen Kumar BannuruKaragaiahDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, IndiaHalkur SiddagangaiahKumarDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Nitte (Deemed to be University), NMAM Institute of Technology, Karkala-574110,
Karnataka, IndiaManjunath YadavSiriyannaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Gangavathi-583227, Karnataka, IndiaVijayendraKukanurDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, H.K.E. Society’s SiR M. Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Raichur-584135, Karnataka, IndiaMadevaNagaralAircraft Research and Design Centre, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Bangalore-560037, Karnataka, IndiaFazilNalbandDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka, IndiaVirupaxiAuradiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru-572103, Karnataka, IndiaNagarajNamdevDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, APS Polytechnic, Bangalore-560082, Karnataka, IndiaJournal Article20240728Al2219 alloy composites were produced through the stir cast process, with varying amounts of copper-coated B<sub>4</sub>C particles (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) incorporated. The mechanical performance of surface-modified B<sub>4</sub>C additions to Al2219 alloy was examined by conducting tensile tests on the prepared composites. The synthesized composites' microstructural, mechanical, and tensile fractured surfaces were evaluated. Characterization of the samples' microstructure using SEM microscopy and EDS patterns. B<sub>4</sub>C particle existence was verified by the EDS findings. The inclusion of Cu-coated B<sub>4</sub>C reinforcement enhanced the hardness, tensile, and bending strength of the metal composite in contrast to the uncoated B<sub>4</sub>C particles. Hardness of Al2219 alloy was improved by 92.4% with the 10 wt.% of Cu coated B<sub>4</sub>C in the Al matrix. Further, there was a 73.5 % improvement in the ultimate strength. The Al2219 alloy composite's ductility decreased with the reinforcement's incorporation. Tensile fractured surfaces SEM micrographs show strong bonding between the matrix and boron carbide particles. The particle shear was observed in the case of copper-coated B<sub>4</sub>C reinforced composites due to increased wettability. Various fractured surfaces were studied using SEM micrographs to determine fracture mechanisms in composites.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9951_0779b1428243e4e11ab7f77d8b9a34fb.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Enhancing Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Composites Reinforced with Date Palm Fiber Using Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene as a Compatibilizer211226966510.22075/macs.2025.35464.1736ENSaeedGhorbaniFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, 35131-19111, IranMohammadNouri DamghaniFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, 35131-19111, IranHosseinTaghipoorFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Velayat University, Iranshahr, 99111-31311, IranJournal Article20240929This study investigates the effects of incorporating date palm fiber (DPF), polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA), and impact-modifying masterbatch on the tensile properties of polypropylene (PP) composites. Using a design of experiments (DOE) approach and analysis of variance (ANOVA), the interactions between these components were analyzed. The tensile strength of the composites increased by up to 21.08% compared to pure PP, reaching 19.6 MPa, while the elastic modulus improved by 54.78%, reaching 2.43 GPa, at 20 wt.% DPF and 5 wt.% PP-g-MA. Although the masterbatch enhanced impact resistance, its higher concentrations reduced tensile strength by up to 31.97% compared to formulations with minimal masterbatch content. The optimal composition—20 wt.% DPF, 5 wt.% PP-g-MA, and 1 wt.% masterbatch—exhibited the best overall mechanical performance, balancing tensile strength, elastic modulus, and impact resistance. This study highlights the synergistic effects of natural fibers and polymer compatibilizers, providing a pathway for the development of sustainable, high-performance bio-composites.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9665_0af3047bfab199ed6fcf61662cb1edee.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401A Finite Element Formulation for Analyzing the Nonlinear Static Response of Bi-functionally Graded Microbeam Resting on Elastic Foundation Under Various Loads227243983810.22075/macs.2025.37288.1828ENVan-ChinhNguyenFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University, Hanoi, Vietnam,Trung ThanhTranFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University, Hanoi, Vietnam,Journal Article20250402The main goal of this paper is to introduce a finite element formulation to investigate the nonlinear static response of the 2DFG-McrB resting on EF under four different loads. The governing equations are established using the principle of minimum potential energy, incorporating the RBT and geometric nonlinearity based on the von Kármán assumptions. A weak-form finite element method is developed and solved iteratively through the Newton-Raphson method. The proposed formulation is validated against benchmark results from the literature, demonstrating its accuracy and computational efficiency. Furthermore, a comprehensive parametric study is conducted to evaluate the effects of geometrical dimensions, material properties, foundation stiffness, length-scale parameters, and BCs on the nonlinear response of 2DFG-McrBs. The findings provide valuable insights for the design and analysis of McrBs in engineering applications and serve as a basis for future studies on advanced microstructures.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9838_2d5b22e575c6a28b0023514dd22f486d.pdfSemnan University PressMechanics of Advanced Composite Structures2423-482613120260401Applying an Artificial Neural Network to Predict the Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin with Graphite Additive After Water Absorption245257983910.22075/macs.2025.37083.1814ENMohammad AminTorabizadehDepartment of Industrial, University of Applied Science and Technology, Tehran, 91379-33435, IranAbdolhoseinFereidoonFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, 35131-19111, Iran0000-0002-3791-6528Journal Article20250403The present study utilized an artificial neural network (ANN) model to anticipate Barcol hardness, impact strength, and heat deflection temperature data for epoxy resin specimens with varying weight percentages of graphite additive exposed in different types of water. A feedforward backpropagation algorithm was used for predictive modeling with two input parameters: the weight percentage of the graphite additive (0, 5, 10, 15, and 25 wt.%) and the type of water used (dry specimen, potable water, distilled water, alkaline solution, and acidic solution). Experimental test data for mechanical properties were used to train the ANN model. The network was validated by comparing the predicted outputs with experimental data and by evaluating performance metrics. The results conclude that the ANN model is a practical and accurate approach for rapidly predicting mechanical performance and can be considered a substitute for traditional procedures used to characterize composite materials through experimental methods. Among the two input parameters, the weight percentage of the graphite additive was the most essential input parameter used to predict the mechanical properties of composites. Besides, the key findings of this work can also be a reference for the engineering practice of composite materials under mechanical and moisture environments.https://macs.semnan.ac.ir/article_9839_0fefef0f7605e843234a47f89867fec0.pdf