Mechanics of Advanced Composite Structures

Mechanics of Advanced Composite Structures

Characterization of Physical and Mechanical Properties, and Morphology of Wood Composites Derived from Milk Bottles and Teak Sawdust Powder

Document Type : Research Article

Authors
Nuan La-ong Srakaew 1
Wissanu Charerntanom 1
Patcharapon Somdee 1
Natkrita Prasoetsopha 1
Ing-orn Sittitanadol 2
Kanokon Nuilek 1
1 Department of Materials and Medical Technology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
2 Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Khon Kaen Campus, Khon Kaen, 40000, Thailand
10.22075/macs.2025.35573.1743
Abstract
This study aims to develop recycled high-density polyethylene (rHDPE) composites reinforced with teak sawdust (TS) and evaluate their mechanical properties to determine the optimal composition for furniture applications. The composites were fabricated through internal mixing followed by compression molding, utilizing maleic anhydride (MA) as a coupling agent to enhance interfacial adhesion between TS and the rHDPE matrix. While this improves impact strength, it simultaneously reduces the overall strength of the composite. The results revealed that incorporating TS significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the composite. At 50 wt%, TS increased the tensile modulus by 120.79% and Shore D hardness by 10.65% compared to pure rHDPE, while the maximum improvement in flexural strength (15.29%) was observed at 30 wt%. Conversely, higher TS content led to an increase in the composite’s density and water absorption while reducing its impact strength. Despite this trade-off, the enhanced stiffness, strength, and cost-effectiveness make these composites promising for sustainable, low-cost furniture applications. A cost analysis revealed that the production cost of these composites is approximately 191 THB/m², significantly lower than that of conventional wood-plastic composites (WPCs), which range from 400 to 800 THB/m². This study lies in utilizing TS, an underutilized wood waste, as a reinforcing agent for rHDPE derived from recycled milk bottles. This approach not only improves the mechanical performance of rHDPE but also promotes a circular economy by repurposing two types of waste materials into functional composite materials.
Keywords
Wood plastic
Milk bottles
Teak wood sawdust
rHDPE
Subjects
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Mechanics of Advanced Composite Structures
Volume 13, Issue 2 - Serial Number 28
November 2026
Pages 259-269