Development of a Composite Material Based on a Polymer and Plant Fibers

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Industrial Chemical Technology. Institute of Technology. Akli Mohand Oulhadj University (UAMOB), Bouira. Algeria

2 Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials Polymer Laboratory, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene USTHB, B.P. 32 El-Alia, 16111 Algiers, Algeria

3 Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Skikda University 20 August – 1955 – Algeria

4 Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials (LMPA), Abderrahmane MIRA University, Béjaïa 06000, Algeria

5 Laboratory of Physico-Chemistry Research on Surfaces and Interfaces (LRPCSI), University of 20 August 1955 of Skikda, Skikda 21000, Algeria; and Department of Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of 20 August 1955 of Skikda, Skikda 21000, Algeria

Abstract

The composite materials industry has expanded significantly due to their enhanced performance. However, concerns about the environmental impact of synthetic fibers and petroleum-based polymers have shifted focus toward natural fibers. These fibers are renewable and often biodegradable, making them a sustainable alternative that reduces ecological harm. This shift has paved the way for the development of more eco-friendly composite materials across various industrial applications. This study explores the development of hybrid and non-hybrid composites using high-density polyethylene (HDPE), potato starch, and pomegranate peels. A two-roll mixer and compression molding were employed to fabricate these composites. The findings indicate that incorporating these natural fillers enhances the hardness of the composites. The mechanical results showed that the combination of pomegranate peels/potato starch fillers has a positive effect compared to composites prepared without hybridization. Additionally, the composites exhibit lower density and water absorption properties that vary with the immersion time and the type of filler used. Microscopic analysis reveals that the composite surfaces are heterogeneous and irregular, highlighting the influence of filler distribution. Overall, this research demonstrates the potential of utilizing natural materials in composite production, promoting sustainability while addressing performance needs. Such innovations are essential for reducing the reliance on non-renewable resources and aligning with global efforts to minimize environmental impact.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Mechanics of Advanced Composite Structures
Volume 13, Issue 2 - Serial Number 28
In Progress
November 2026
Pages 391-399

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